When you make your retirement plan, you must understand the reality of what Social Security is able to do.
Your retirement benefits could help cover your costs, but are far from enough to live on. That’s because Social Security only replaces around 40% of pre-retirement income, and if you can’t replace around 70% to 80%, you could be in for major lifestyle changes. In fact, the average retirement benefit in 2026 is just $2,071 per month, and, for most seniors 65 and over, $202.90 of that is deducted for Medicare Part B before the payment even arrives. Living on less than $22,500 a year isn’t sustainable for many, and it certainly won’t pay for everything you need.
With so little income typically coming in from Social Security, there are eight huge expenses you should prepare to cover yourself in retirement. Here’s what they are.
Find Out: 13 moves seniors could benefit from but often forget about.
1. Taxes on Social Security benefits
The first big expense to plan for is taxes on Social Security benefits. Whether you’re taxed depends on your provisional income, which equals half of your Social Security benefits, plus all taxable and some non-taxable income.
You’ll owe tax on benefits once your provisional income hits these thresholds:
For single filers, you’re taxed on up to 50% of benefits with a provisional income of $25,000 to $34,000 and on up to 85% of benefits once provisional income tops $34,000.
For married filers, you’re taxed on up to 50% of benefits with a provisional income of $32,000 to $44,000 and on up to 85% of benefits once provisional income exceeds $44,000.
These thresholds are not indexed to inflation, so while fewer than 10% of retirees once paid tax on Social Security, now about 50% do.
Shopping for cheaper auto insurance? Enter your zip code here to get started.
2. Medicare premiums
Medicare premiums are another high cost that could bust your budget. Most seniors have premiums deducted directly from Social Security checks, and in 2026, that means $202.90 disappears before benefits ever hit your bank account.
Medicare premiums could also cause problems when it comes to your Social Security cost-of-living adjustments. When premiums increase, the extra you must pay essentially reduces the amount of your COLA you get to keep.
In 2026, for example, retirees got a 2.8% adjustment. For the average retiree with a $2,071 check, that would have been around a $58 monthly increase if Medicare premiums didn’t go up by $17.90, leaving the average retiree with just about $40 in extra income instead.
3. Dental care
Dental care isn’t optional for most retirees, and CareCredit estimates a routine dental exam costs an average of $203 per year, while specialized treatments like crowns or dentures could add thousands to your bill.
Unfortunately, traditional Medicare pays $0 for it. If you want to keep your teeth healthy, you need to pay the dentist yourself. While around half of all Medicare Advantage plans offer comprehensive dental coverage of some type, those who sign up for traditional Medicare are out of luck.
Save Money: Things to cut when living on retirement (many people ignore #11)
4. Vision care
Medicare also doesn’t provide any coverage for routine vision care, which is another problem for retirees who need eye exams to identify and treat vision changes. A routine exam alone averages $136 without insurance, according to CareCredit.
While insurance pays for medically necessary issues like glaucoma treatment or cataract surgery, you can’t reliably spot signs of problems if you can’t afford routine care. And glasses aren’t covered at all, which adds a few hundred extra to the costs you have to personally pay.
5. Hearing care
You may be noticing a trend here, and the reality is that coverage gaps in Medicare are a big problem for retirees who rely on Social Security alone. In fact, according to the Senior Citizens League, approximately 39% of seniors rely solely on Social Security as their source of income.
Unfortunately, hearing care is another thing Medicare largely doesn’t pay for, and a prescription-grade pair of hearing aids could run you $4,000 on average, according to the Hearing Health Foundation. This has to come out of your pocket.
6. Long-term care
Around 70% of adults who live until 65 end up needing long-term care, and the median cost for a semi-private room in a nursing home is a shocking $114,975 annually. Medicare pays $0 for routine nursing home services, as there’s no coverage for the type of custodial care that sends most seniors to nursing homes.
While Medicare does pay for part of the costs of skilled nursing for up to 100 days after a hospital stay, those who need help with basic routine daily living tasks must cover the entire bill themselves.
Retire like the rich: 14 ways you could build wealth in your 50s.
7. Inflation-erosion
One of the most overlooked costs faced by retirees is a reduction in buying power resulting from inflation. While Social Security is supposed to help benefits keep pace with inflation because of annual cost of living adjustments, those often fall short.
In fact, the Senior Citizens League warns that benefits have lost 13.7% of their buying power just since 2016 alone, as the formula used to calculate COLAs doesn’t accurately reflect inflation retirees actually experience. Approximately 77% of older adults surveyed by AARP also said a 3% COLA is insufficient.
When COLAs don’t go far enough, retirees pay the indirect costs of their benefits declining in value and purchasing less over time.
8. Personal home care and daily living assistance
Finally, retirees who need help at home from a non-medical caregiver also won’t qualify for Medicare coverage of these services, which total $80,080 on average per year for 44 hours of weekly care. Those who need support at home must find a way to cover it themselves.
Bottom line
As you are able to see, living on just Social Security isn’t possible with so many added expenses to cover. You need a plan to cover all of these costs.
For many seniors, that means purchasing a Medicare Advantage plan that provides supplemental benefits to cover added health expenses. If you’re still working, consider funding a health savings account (HSA) during your working years. In 2026, you are able to contribute up to $4,400 as an individual or $8,750 for a family, and those funds roll over year to year, making them a powerful tool for covering health care costs in retirement.
Regardless of which approach you take, be realistic about what Social Security is able to do and its limitations, so you don’t find yourself facing a financial disaster in your later years.
More from FinanceBuzz:
