When thinking about how Social Security fits into your retirement plan, most retirees wonder, “When should I start taking my checks?” You either want income as soon as possible or you want to wait and maximize your monthly benefit, and there are strong opinions on both sides of this debate.
While filing for Social Security as soon as you’re eligible sounds appealing, you need to realize what you’re giving up in exchange. For middle-class retirees who don’t have millions saved up, this decision is especially critical to the success of their retirement.
Here’s what you need to know about this Social Security trade-off and how it impacts your financials throughout retirement.
The overlooked trade-off: Early income vs. bigger benefits
The most common Social Security trade-off is whether to access income earlier or to delay filing for larger benefits. When you start taking benefits before full retirement age, you lock in permanently smaller lifetime benefits. Delay filing and you’ll get about an 8% increase in benefits every year you wait, up until age 70.
You can start Social Security as early as age 62, but doing so reduces your benefit for life. If your full retirement age (FRA) is 67, claiming at 62 results in about a 30% permanent reduction in your monthly benefit.
On the flip side, waiting past FRA increases your benefit by 8% per year until age 70 through delayed retirement credits. Waiting until age 70 can increase your monthly income by 24% over claiming at 67 and a whopping 77% versus starting at 62.
Once you claim your Social Security benefits, that decision is mostly irreversible. The benefit amount you lock in becomes the foundation for the rest of your retirement income. And a lower retirement benefit also means lower cost-of-living adjustments (COLA) every year.
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Why this catches middle-class retirees off guard
High-net-worth retirees often delay Social Security because they don’t need the income right away. They typically have sizeable investments, maxed-out retirement accounts, a paid-off home, and multiple sources of income. Lower-income retirees may have no choice but to claim early because they haven’t been able to save enough for retirement.
Middle-class retirees fall right in the middle, and that’s where the trap appears.
You may feel financially stable enough to retire, but not comfortable enough to draw heavily from savings. Claiming Social Security early feels like a smart way to “protect” your nest egg by reducing the amount you need to withdraw from it each year.
What’s rarely considered is that Social Security isn’t just a monthly check. It’s an inflation-protected, guaranteed income for life. While the stock market has returned an average of 10% since 1957, annual returns vary each year, and there’s no guarantee this performance will continue in the future.
By claiming early, you’re trading away future guaranteed income to reduce short-term pressure on savings.
How the trade-off plays out over time
Let’s say your full retirement benefit at 67 would be $2,000 per month. Claiming benefits at 62 reduces your monthly income to about $1,400 per month. Waiting until age 70 would increase your Social Security benefits to about $2,480 per month.
That $1,000 per month difference is meaningful over the course of a year. And the difference compounds over decades, especially when factoring in the actual dollar increase in benefits each year due to COLA.
If you live into your 80s or 90s, delaying can result in tens or even hundreds of thousands of dollars more in lifetime income, especially when annual cost-of-living adjustments are applied to a higher base benefit.
The tax and flexibility angle many miss
Another overlooked consequence of claiming early is tax efficiency. Social Security benefits can become taxable depending on your combined income.
When your benefit is smaller, you may need to withdraw more from IRAs or 401(k)s to meet expenses. Larger withdrawals from tax-deferred retirement accounts count as ordinary income and could potentially push you into higher tax brackets earlier in retirement.
Later in life, a higher Social Security benefit reduces your reliance on taxable withdrawals, giving you more control over required minimum distributions (RMDs), Medicare premium surcharges (IRMAA), and how long your portfolio lasts in retirement. Minimizing withdrawals from retirement accounts, brokerage accounts, and savings enables you to build a legacy by passing down more money to your heirs.
Every decision is personal
This isn’t about saying early claiming is always a mistake. Health, employment status, spousal benefits, and personal priorities all matter. The issue is that many retirees make claiming decisions without realizing the full scope of what they’re trading away. Once you start claiming Social Security benefits, the flexibility to design your retirement plan disappears. In your later retirement years, you may start having regrets about your decisions when reversing course is no longer possible.
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Bottom line
Understanding this Social Security trade-off before you claim puts you in control of your retirement plan. When you see Social Security as a long-term income asset rather than just a check you turn on, your decisions become more intentional and more confident.
You don’t need to maximize your senior benefits at all costs. But you must understand the pros and cons of these Social Security trade-offs before you lock in one of the most important retirement income decisions you’ll ever make.
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Author Details
Lee Huffman
FinanceBuzz writer Lee Huffman is a former financial planner and corporate finance manager who now writes about early retirement, credit cards, travel, insurance, and other personal finance topics. He enjoys showing people how to travel more, spend less, and live better. When Lee is not getting his passport stamped around the world, he’s researching methods to earn more miles and points toward his next vacation.
